RG Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

RG - Essay Example I have been to many other churches in the past but this church exudes a certain level of peculiarity in terms of church practices. Upon my arrival at the church, I was met by an usherette who greeted me blissfully and guided me to my seat. The solemnity inside the church is just the same as many other churches but what you will observe is that Adventists do have this very welcoming spirit: they would smile at you and ask you of where are you from, they would enlist you in their rolls of Sabbath visitors, etc. For me, that was unusual because this is the first church that really recognized my presence to this level. Their church services are different from many other religions because the morning services are divided into two: the first half is the Sabbath School program and the second half would be the Divine Service. I was captivated by the nature of their class discussions: the church is divided into many classes and each class has its own teacher. Everyone in the class, and that i ncluded me, tackled issues on the Bible. The leader even asked for my opinion and was very open-minded about the possibility of my answers. Seventh-day Adventists are very conservative, at least based on my personal experience with the church during my visit, especially when it comes to their music. They do not use drums and electronic guitars; instead, they are only using a piano or an acoustic guitar. One person told me that they refrain from using â€Å"loud† instruments because they believe that it would shift the congregation’s attention to worldly things and they would decrease the level of solemnity of the services. I also noticed that Seventh-day Adventists do have a peculiar grooming. They do not wear earrings, necklaces, or bracelets. Majority of the members I have saw and met during that visit look very simple in their grooming. There is not much embellishment in the body; only watches and marriage rings.

The Great Depression in Arkansas Essay Example for Free

The Great Depression in Arkansas Essay Have you ever wondered about The Great Depression during the 1930’s? During that time period 1930-1940, there were harsh times. People got hung, prices were low. Gas price was 5 to 10 cents a gallon. One quart of milk costed 14 cents. During The Great Depression, unemployment rate was 25%. As of today, the unemployment rate is 7.2 percent. It has fallen 18.3% since 1930. People lost jobs because times were so harsh. People got depressed because of unemployment or losing their jobs. Also people got hung or killed. 27 people got hung/killed. People got mad because they caused them to get unemployed. People got mad when losing their job. People got hung for causing other people to get unemployed. During The Great Depression, one quart of milk costed 14 cents. One gallon of milk costed 55 cents. A round steak costed 42 cents. As of 2012 milk costs 4 dollars. A round steak costs 3 dollars. One quart of milk costs 1 dollar. Therefore, today we have newer automobiles and gas. During The Great Depression, a car costed about 1,000 dollars. As of 2012 a car costs 20,000 to 50,000 dollars. Gas costed 5 to 10 cents a gallon during The Great Depression. As of today gas cost 3.20 dollars a gallon. Finally, The Great Depression 1930-1941 was very harsh times for Arkansas. Some people survived and some people died, people got unemployed and depressed. People went broke; the average salary was 1,900 dollars a year.

Julius Caesar :: Ancient Rome Roman History

Julius Caesar When the name Julius Caesar is heard, it can only trigger the image of a great leader that led Rome into prosperity. Caesar's military excellence brought more power and more land; that lead to the increase of size and strength in Rome. His dictatorship helped the stability and prosperity in Rome. Caesar's assassination lead to a monarchy that was ruled by Octavin. His death lead to a domino effect ending in the ultimate collapse of the Roman Empire. Many people of the 21st century follow the path of Julius Caesar and try to be as great as he was. The assassination of Julius Caesar was a tragedy due to the contributions he made to Rome's prosperity during his life, and the chaos that occurred in Rome after his death. The contributions that Caesar made towards the strength of Rome's success, and the chaos and collapse of Rome after his death made the assassination of Julius Caesar a tragedy. Julius Caesar was assassinated by his own senate on March 15 44 BC; also known as the Ides of March. As he was walking in to the senate house, a man told him to beware the Ides of March. He ignored this statement and walked into the senate house. At this time some of the Senate members surrounded Caesar in a stealthy manner and tugged on his toga. As he looked around he was stabbed by many of the senate members multiple times. He collapsed to the ground and lay on the marble floor dead, next to the feet of Pompey's statue. (Nardo 94) Caesar's military eminence helped Rome prosper into one of the greatest and most memorable civilizations in history. His campaigns helped Rome grow larger in size and in power. His victories in Egypt, Pontus, Gaul, Africa, and parts in the Asia Minor were some of Caesar's greatest honors, (Bruns 99) and is considered "the most powerful national leader in history"(Nardo 73) because of his conquests. The major reason for his strong army was due to the fact that the senate favored him. The senate gave him three provinces for the span of five years, instead of one province for one year. With this ruling, he had "a chance to build a stronger personal army"(34). The strategies and tactics used by Caesar made his death even more tragic because of his excellent leadership and planning. Caesar planned wars by legionary battles.

Psychosocial Orientation to Sexuality Essay

Environment has always been one of the major factors affecting our decisions and personality. Psychologists say its either â€Å"nurture† or â€Å"nature† which determines our personalities as we grow up. Nevertheless, our sexuality is also part of who we are. How we act or think in regard to sexual issues is also developed as we mature into adolescents. Various social factors affect a person’s sexuality. Primarily, it is the parents’ responsibility to make sure that their children are properly educated about sex. As a kid, I was oriented by my parents and older relatives that sex is a process designed by the heavens to unite married couples so they can procreate. As a young Christian, I have this notion that I was conceived by this process and only couples who were united by marriage have the permission from God to perform them. Talking about sex at home was actually limited if not restricted. There was a certain uneasiness enveloping the ones belonging in a conversation where a I would suddenly bring it up. It was awkward in a way that my parents believed I was not ready yet to comprehend the real nature of sex. However, I guess sexuality is an inescapable issue amongst children who are beginning to notice changes and differences between their private parts and their playmates’. A friend of the opposite sex definitely has dissimilar body parts than me. It has always been fun to explore and observe friends’ parts especially when it is in a group. Of course, not until we reached the 11th year of our age. Suddenly, things were getting too awkward for us. My playmates were starting to get aloof. Others have stopped invitations to look and some just plainly said, â€Å"My mom said they’re private. † How the privacy of such thing has never occurred to me until I was able to see certain pars of my body grow. Most of my physical parts were getting weirder each day and they did not feel comfortable at all. One of the huge factors which influence my sexuality is the depiction of sex in the television. Media have absolutely bombarded me with concepts that are in direct contrast to my early education of sex. Television series, movies, reality shows, magazines and even anime shows are transparent in portraying sexual activities as normal between two people in a relationship. Sometimes even same-sex relationships. Pornography is also widespread in our society today which I believe has a great impact on the fact that teenagers today in America are sexually active. In my case, it is reasonable to admit that I have my shares of hidden fantasies and desires but one good thing that I am proud of is that I am able to control them in a decent way. Religion also plays a major part in expressing one’s sexuality. It is widely know that Christianity does not allow couples outside marriage to have sexual intercourse. Pre-marital sex is a sin and is not tolerated by the Church. Contraceptives are also not encouraged therefore, if I were to ask how I think religion has affected my sexuality; I would claim that it did not lessen or eliminate my sexual desires rather it remained as a mere reason to control it and repress it. The topic of sexuality is widespread among religious, social and political debates. It comprises of a general idea which is too sensitive to be disregarded easily. However, I believe that one has his/her own rights towards his/her sexuality but are limited to what the law constitutes. A person can be gay, lesbian or bisexual but the mere idea that a person’s sexuality is being developed and identified with different names shows that it is a psychological issue that needs to be studied more thoroughly. It is a subject too complex that must also be given enough education and protection from families and authorities.

Catfish and Mandala Essay

Andrew Pham, author of Catfish and Mandala, is on a journey of self-exploration. Family dysfunction, the illusions of the past, and the inability to move forward and find meaning to life when living between two cultures, are all catalysts’ for Pham return Vietnam. Contrary to being welcomed with open arms, Andrew is referred to as Viet-kieu when he is in Vietnam, a derogatory term meaning Vietnamese-American. Vietnamese people feel that the Viet-kieu abandoned everything about their culture when transplanted to America. This is an additional layer to the struggles Andrew faces. Andrew’s life is fractured into many pieces. His family is plagued with deep-seated hostility and trauma that developed long before his birth. From the abuse his father endured as a child and then transferred to his own children, the family decay after the Vietnam War, and the displacement of his family to America, Andrew has no sense of identity. Andrew is troubled with the duality of being Vietnamese and American and feels if he returns to Vietnam he will find meaning for his life. He does not assimilate to either culture and his anxiety grows as he tries to find a place to belong. Pham reminisces on his childhood, and includes deep memories of his other family members as well. The fissure in his family stems from the physical abuse and inability for the entire family to merge the two cultures and adapt together. The damage from the violence moves like a virus through the family, branching off and taking victim after victim. Chi-Minh, Andrew’s transsexual brother, cannot rise above the hardship and kills himself. Through out the book, Andrew goes back and forth giving the reader insight into Chi-Minh conflicts. Andrew never moves past Chi-Minh’s death and writes about his last moments with his brother,† It was my season of unraveling. And his as well. I couldn’t remember all, what he said. Nor what I said. Maybe he wished I’d said something. And I him. Perhaps we should have shared our troubled hearts. But in the end – My long-staying memory – I heard only the wavering catch in his voice† (334). Pham regrets not being able to open his heart to Chi-Minh, and overcome the emotional disconnect of the Vietna mese culture. Chi-Minh struggles to maintain a healthy existence and find life meaning. Sex change aside, Andrew blames the Vietnam War, family dysfunction and abuse, and a forced move to America as reasons for Chi-Minh’s short life and suicide. He draws parallels between his own struggles and Chi-Minh’s inability to create a life in America. The trauma of Chi-Minh’s death is an emotional vehicle for Andrew’s bike journey to Vietnam. As Children, Andrew and Chi were brutally beaten by their father. Even as a teenager, Chi survived a dreadful caning that resulted in her running away. Later, Andrew’s father recants his temper and wishes he could have â€Å"been more like an American father† because â€Å"They know how to cherish their children† (320). Andrew watches his own father struggle with being Vietnamese in an American society. He was use to a father who had a â€Å"survival instinct† and â€Å"refused victimization† (321). His brothers are homosexual, this is a point of embarrassment for Andrews father. Andrew tries to explain how they are successful and happy, but the definition of successful and happy are vastly different in the two countries, with his father being â€Å"Old-World† (321). Andrew realizes his entire family has trouble converging Vietnamese and American cultures and he is not the only victim of the abusive and dysfunctional life. In his preparation to bike across Vietnam and absorb the country that he believes keeps the roots of his existence; he is unaware of the drastic changes since the Vietnam War. Andrew remembers Vietnam through the eyes of a child and the memories are mostly happy and quite biased. Pham’s illusion of the past leads him to an emotional awakening while traveling and he compares current-day Vietnam to a prostitute. Vietnam has been reduced t o poverty in most places. Andrew remarks, â€Å"Saigon was thick with almsfolk, every market, every street corner, maggoty with misshapen men and women hawking their open sores and puss-yellow faces for pennies† (106). Although his description is putrid, Andrew weeps for the poor. Having sympathy for the impoverished is an American way of thinking, and this is a point of shame for his family that he stays with in Vietnam. Crying is seen as weakness in men. The reader sees the internal struggle that continues as Andrew tries to â€Å"be Vietnamese† or to â€Å"be American†. Andrew is repulsed by the cold hearts of his Vietnamese family members, and then ashamed for having ill feelings against his family. Andrew believed he would find his identity with the Vietnamese people and his life would move forward with strong meaning and purpose. Andrew goes through life living for his parents, living for the happiness of others, and in this neglects to find his true self. Before his ride to Vietnam , he rode to Mexico, then through the coast of America, and through Japan for 45 days. His physical journey mimics his stagnant and redundant state. He was wandering, living a superficial life. Andrew held the stress of the first-born son, to make his parents proud. He became an engineer, just as his mother told him he would do when he was four. He acted the role of the â€Å"Good Oriental employee† (25). Andrew recalls, â€Å"My father said ‘Good’ to me twice in my life. I showed him the glowing congratulatory letter from the national honor society†¦and for landing a cushy engineering post at a major airline† (24-25). As he travels, Andrew speaks as an American, and as a Vietnamese man. Chapter two begins with Andrew stating that he is â€Å"Vietnamese-American† (10). He lists out his likes and dislikes, implying that he has a strong sense of self. The reader soon finds out this is superficial. Andrew proclaims all of this to set up where he is now and gives a brief family history of the stark difference of where he came from. When he arrives to Vietnam, he is ready to embrace the culture and be Vietnamese. On the plane Andrew is divided by his feelings toward the Vietnamese as they fight for toys that have spilled, â€Å"Mortified by the Vietnamese’s behavior and equally dismayed that I feel an obligatory connection to them, I sink deeper in to my seat, resentful, ashamed of their incivility† (64). This is the beginning of the conflict Andrew faces about being American yet being from Vietnam. Instead of finding his way, his identity, value for his life, he is engorged with a larger paradox of emotion. Who is Andrew X. Pham? This is the question that Catfish and Mandala tries to answer by using memories and events of the past and journey of the present. A chasm opened in his family when they all integrated into American culture through very unique ways. The family inadvertently makes the journey of self-exploration difficult for each other, with Chi-Minh’s being virtually impossible. Abusive treatment of the children acts as a symptom of the disorder and illusion of self through out the entire family. Andrew writes his memoirs in a rhythmic motion swaying back and forth through past and present, in hopes of finding who he is to be in the future. Andrew is torn between being Vietnamese in America, and American in Vietnam. He is afflicted with living a placid half-life, never socially accepted by either society, and forced to carve his own path and make his own statement of self. From Vietnamese immigrant, to respected engineer, and now famous author and food critic, Andrew has found a way to merge the Vietnamese and American cultures to fit the mold of Andrew X. Pham, the Original. Works Cited Page Pham, Andrew X. Catfish and Mandala. New York: Farrar, Stratus and G, 1999. Print.

The balance between freedom and order Essays

The balance between freedom and order Essays The balance between freedom and order Paper The balance between freedom and order Paper Freedom And Order Freedom without order leads to chaos. Order without freedom leads to tyranny. Only in Christ can these two warring combatants become creative comrades in the dance of grace. Freedom is a wonderful and terrible paradox. In its purest sense, freedom means having no boundaries, borders, rules or restrictions. It Is the uninhibited will to do or refrain as one desires. Freedom defines, in part, deity. After all, who tells God what to do? Made in his image and likeness, we also were designed for freedom, but our broken and dos-ordered hearts bring only chaos. Whether were talking about reckless drivers who feel no need to obey the speed limits or the killing fields of Cambodia, human beings strive constantly to break through any barriers that prevent them from doing as they see fit. The pursuit of freedom without order invariably brings chaos and ultimately results in death. The opposite is also true. Order without freedom leads to another kind of death- tyranny. We are not designed for slavery, and each of us Is born with the God-given and God-like capacity to will and to choose. Anything that robs us of that capacity ninnies us what may be the defining characteristic of our humanity. When humanity experienced the Fall, however, the brokenness of sin infected our conscience. Humans now abuse order In the same way they abuse freedom. Order becomes a weapon of control, a device to simply impose my will upon yours. A war now rages in every human heart. Reckless freedom claws at the eyes of violent order in a deadly pas De dues. Only in Christ can these two warring factions become creative comrades In the dance of grace. How? Christ promises life-real life-and that more abundantly than the chaos and tyranny hat characterizes human experience. The life he promises is born from the union of both the freedom and order he brings. Consider biological life for a moment. Science still wrestles with the definition of life Itself, but at a minimum, all seem to agree that life is composed of Increasingly complex structures of inorganic matter that result in behaviors that characterize living things. In other words, if we structure protons, neutrons and electrons in a certain way, we have a soda can-but rearrange the ordering of those same particles, and now we have a cell. Life flows out of the order of structure. In the same way, true life-giving freedom flows out of the well-ordered heart and does not depend upon external structures to either maintain or exercise it. And it is precisely because we are designed to be free that no one-including God-can force us to be free. God is not a tyrant, nor has he designed us for tyranny. We must freely choose to bring order to our broken hearts if we want true freedom, and we must choose to not allow any one or anything to rob us of that God-given freedom. Only Christ, who freely chose the obedience of the cross, can set us free to be free. The freedom that Christ brings has two components: freedom from sin, and the freedom to do good works. External forms of order in social relationships-traffic laws, or the Ten Commandments, for example-are necessary because human beings are 1 OFF not Intrinsically Tree to condos good Demeanor. In toner words, external Torts AT control are necessary to regulate the effects of sin. Without external structures like criminal codes and police agencies to enforce them, the world would be plunged into hellish chaos. The evening news suggests, even with those external structures, the world appears to be growing more chaotic. ) Yet while external order can regulate the effects of sin, it cannot remove the root causes of it. Only Chrisms work on the Cross can destroy the effects of sin in our lives Christ wants something better for us than the Ten Commandments. He does not want us to refrain from killing others because we will be punished if we do. Rather, he wants us to love those that hate u s-Just as He does. To move from a place of abstaining from, under threat from means moving away from external structures and toward internal ones, from tyranny to freedom. It means becoming more like Him. For me to able to do this, my heart needs to be re-ordered by the work of the Spirit and his Word. What is the gospel? It is the good news that what was in the beginning shall be so again in the end. It is the restoration of the image of God in me. We know that freedom and order can become creative comrades in the dance of grace because we see it displayed in Jesus, who died for us, and in whose image we are being made.

The dangers of EU electricity liberalisation essays

The dangers of EU electricity liberalisation essays The European Union: A New Model of Governance An investigation in to some of the factors which pose a threat to the implementation of a successful EU wide liberalization of the electricity market, The basis for my essay was formed by David M. Newbergs article entitled problems of liberalising the electricity industry. Newberg highlights the dangers of liberalisation, and points out that it could actually lead to higher prices. He draws a parallel between the European Commissions attempt to update the electricity objectives to under-write unbundling and full liberalisation, with the Californian Electricity Crisis. Newberg cites issues such as the lack of legislative and regulatory power the EU possess in order to mitigate generator market power. He also addresses the area of transmission and transmission capacity, and the bearings they could have on successful liberalisation. I would join Newbergs stance on the grave danger which liberalisation could present if not handled in a very skilled and astute manner by the relevant authorities. In addition to Newbergs worries, I will present some additional potential obstacles the EU will confront along the route to full liberalisation. Much of the material written on this topic concentrates on the myriad of benefits which liberalization will trigger, however in my essay, I would like to highlight some of the potential stumbling blocks which we need to be aware of in relation to the EU wide liberalization of the electricity market. As I will point out, the electricity sector is a vital cog in the economic welfare of the European Union, and as such w e should be aware of the dangers of liberalization. I intend to draw on several academic articles, in conjunction with sources from the Financial times and EU web sites. It is a relatively recent phenomenon the notion of liberalization of the electricity industry. Until recently, public u...

Top 15 Mistakes That Will Get You Fired

Top 15 Mistakes That Will Get You Fired It’s hard enough to get a job- let alone your dream job. Alas, it can be very easy to lose that job. Here are 15 mistakes that will get you fired from your job. Get your dream job- and keep it. 1. Ignoring Zero Tolerance RulesWhatever the specifics, every company usually has a couple of rules that shall not be broken- and if you break them, you’re out. No second chances. Whether it’s dating subordinates, dating coworkers at all, lateness, or something else entirely, you should find this out within your first week and be very mindful never to break it. Don’t ever assume the unbendable rules will make an exception for you!2. Substance AbuseIf you’re working for a company that drug tests, you should take this seriously. It’s not enough to bring in clean pee for the interview process. They will test you again. Stop using whatever it is you’re using and focus on your career. You will get caught otherwise. And fired.3. Too Much BoozeIf you c an’t drink it responsibly, don’t drink. Being sloppy or not holding your liquor at a work event once is bad enough. Doing this multiple times is absolutely cause for firing- and good luck getting a reference. And don’t ever come to work or try to do your work intoxicated.4. Dating Co-WorkersFirst step is, see #1, to check the zero tolerance policies for any mention of inter-office dating. Second is to try and talk yourself out of it. Third is never to actively pursue a relationship with someone you work with. There are so many ways your overtures could be read as harassment†¦and get you fired.There are plenty of fish in the sea. Go find one that doesn’t work at your company.5. Too Many JokesJokes are great ice breakers. They’re funny. They score you points at parties. But they don’t belong at work. Most of the good ones have an off-color or racy element- which has no place on the job. So many others can have bigoted overtones and could deeply offend people you respect (and get you fired).And don’t make comments you think are funny that might be misconstrued as sexual harassment either; even if the person you said it to understands the context and isn’t offended, someone else might overhear and turn you in.6. Abusing Expense AccountsPadding your expense account is basically stealing from your company. The more blatant the theft, the more likely you’ll get caught.If you really need to make more, earn it. Ask for a raise. Don’t throw in a bunch of bogus expenses hoping for a payout and that no one will notice. Someone always will. And you’ll get fired.7. Raging OutWe all have bad days or weeks at work and get angry. Do not vent this in any public forums- least of all social media. If you leave work steaming from the ears, turn off your Facebook and your Twitter. Call your significant other or your mom- or tell your roommate you need to go to happy hour and rant a while. Just donâ₠¬â„¢t say anything publicly, or somewhere it could be overheard. The last thing you want is for your negative comments to get back to your boss.8.  Office Hanky PankyYou shouldn’t have to be told that it is pretty much a hard and fast rule that you should never get busy  at the office- or anywhere on company grounds. But people do. And they get caught, and fired. Don’t let this happen to you. Get a room.9. Pulling PranksThese are hilarious, some even bordering on legendary. But most are far too risky or silly for a workplace. Watch in awe as others pull off epic pranks (some will lose their jobs); don’t try anything yourself.10. Not Understanding You’re ReplaceableAs in, never assume that you are. It’s a tough market and no matter how great you are, there’s probably another you out there, standing outside the hiring manager’s office with a hopeful resume. Act as though you could be replaced any day and avoid doing the things that will give your boss cause to have to replace you.11. LyingYou should adopt a zero tolerance policy about lying. Just don’t do it. And in particular don’t do it to get time off. Don’t develop wacky illnesses or kill off fake elderly relatives. You’ll probably get caught- and fired.12. Ignoring Your ManagerAlways  stay in tune with your boss’s concept of your job performance- not your own. Always check in to take his or her  temperature to make sure they think you’re pulling your weight. If you have room to improve, do.13. AbuseIt should go without saying, but: don’t be abusive. And don’t sit idly by and watch others be abused. There’s no place for this in everyday  life or in the workplace.14. Speaking for Your CompanyUnless specifically told to be a mouthpiece or to spread some news, keep your mouth shut in public about your company. The minute you get on social media and purport to speak for your company- particul arly about something potentially controversial- is the minute you’re in shaky territory. People like you get fired all the time for inappropriate posts or for spreading misinformation.15. Not Trusting Your GutIf you have a flash of insight that says: â€Å"maybe I shouldn’t do this,† then you should honor it. Every time. When something is borderline, and not so blatantly obvious as a no-no, check in with yourself. If you have even the slightest hesitation, chances are it’s not a good idea. Play it safe and keep your job.

How has Christ been Understood to be Present in the Eucharist Essay

How has Christ been Understood to be Present in the Eucharist - Essay Example This essay stresses that Christ is not only the author and minister of each sacrament, but equally the exemplar of the grace which each sacrament is designed to realise, by naming explicitly the grace or virtue conveyed in and through each sacrament. In the Eucharist, this particular grace is self-giving. Macquarrie forwards the idea that through these sacraments, â€Å"things† which are considered otherwise ordinary are taken to new spiritual levels, or people’s understanding of them have, by virtue of the persistence of their faith, undergone intense deepening. Hence, bread which is of the earth and which human hands have made become the â€Å"Word of Life† and Wine, normally considered the fruit of the vine and a product of human toil and labor, becomes the â€Å"spiritual drink† and the â€Å"cup of our salvation†. This paper makes a conclusion that there is no doubt that the Eucharist is very important in the Anglican Church. No one by a bishop or presbyter may administer the Eucharist and it mandates that â€Å"pure wheaten bread and wine, being the fermented juice of the grape, are the necessary elements of the Sacrament.† The doctrine of the Catholic Church and the Anglican Church with respect to Transubstantiation was one and the same. When the reign of Edward VI ushered in a more Protestant ideology, transubstantiation was refuted and denied. The Doctrine of Transubstantiation, many Anglicans believe, tend to obscure the deeper meaning of the Eucharist.

Money, Freedom, desire Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Money, Freedom, desire - Essay Example The core of the modern world in regard to all of these aspects of life is money. Money provides the means through which humans socialize, fuel their physical needs, and exist within a framework conducive for learning. While freedom is a concept that human beings like to throw around through frameworks that suggest independence, the truth is that freedom does not exist as dependency on a variety of concepts must be initialized and maintained in order to survive. Georg Simmel, in his work The Philosophy of Money, discusses the concepts of freedom as it relates to interdependency in the modern context. The need for money becomes a central dependency from which all other dependencies are built. His discussion includes the contrast of modern man to primitive man, the focus being on the types of dependencies that primitive man in comparison to modern man. Primitive cultures had limited numbers of people through which they created their existence. A tribe may have 30 or 40 people, or maybe even more, but the number of people required to survive was a limited grouping. In this modern age, man requires the people who support the business for which they work, the patrons of that business, the grocery store system, the fuel system for vehicles, and so many large groups of people through whom needs are fulfilled that solitary freedom is near impossible to achieve. If these services were to break down, modern man would be at a loss to find a way to perpetuate his existence. The social lubricant that allows all of these systems to operate is money. Money is the currency that creates value exchange within these systems. The economic system is designed so that in exchange for work, rather than goods and services, money is given so that it can be exchanged for goods and services. It is the intermediary through which interactions and dependencies are created. The novel Madame Bovary: A Study of Provincial Life, Gustave Flaubert examines the many ‘needs’ that live wi thin human existence. The first interdependency is shown through the social climbing that is done by Charles Bovary through his marriage to his first wife, then through his second wife Emma who turns towards desire and drama when her emotional needs are not fulfilled through a conventional life. Emma has fulfilled her basic needs and comforts, her needs for food and shelter beyond her worries. She is restless and feels that she is confined by the structures that have provided these basic needs. Her thoughts of freedom turn outside of her marriage, leading her to seek adventures of desire in order to feel that need to be free. She thinks â€Å"They ran back again to embrace once more, and then she promised him to find soon, by no matter what means, a regular opportunity for seeing each other in freedom at least once a week† (Flaubert and Ranous 270). In her conventional life, she was bound by its responsibilities and lack of emotional engagement, but through her indiscretions, she found moments of freedom. Through her desire to accumulate, to accumulate lovers, possessions, and luxuries, she fulfilled her need for freedom by creating surrogates for the emptiness that her normative life presented her. Mariama Ba discusses a similar theme in her work on marriage in Western Africa and the implications of a misogynist society

Changing the Channel - A Solution for Television Violence Essay

Changing the Channel - A Solution for Television Violence - Essay Example Already, many children spend more time watching television than they do playing with friends, being outside or involved in other stimulating activity. Recent studies, reviews, watchdog groups and many others suggest that the high prevalence of violence that is present on television is directly promoting aggression and violence in real life. Television critic Tim Goodman argues that while television has the potential to have a large impact on violence and aggression, the full blame does not rest on the media but on the parents. If they do not want their children exposed to violence then the most simple and effective solution is to turn off the television. This essay argues that this viewpoint does not offer an effective method of solving the problem, instead it is like ignoring the crisis and assuming that if we do not pay attention to what is happening then it will not affect us. One type of program that showcases violence is wrestling. Here, violence is one of the main factors that drive individuals to watch the program, and it is widely popular among both children and adults. WWE’s Smack Down and RAW have sky rocketed in popularity in recent years. The slapping, kicking, fighting, screaming and throwing people out of the ring catch the interest of children and even adults. When the younger generation watches this brutality on television, with thousands of people praising, they perceive that it is something good. This concept is backed by Goodman, who argues that encouraging violence in this manner, and making it appear as something that is desirable increases the likelihood that the children will emulate this form of behavior. There are many cases I have witnessed where children in school have backyard fights in which they try to mimic their favorite wrestler’s stunts on others, using abusive language as they see in the shows. Even in the house, they play at wrestling or walk around acting as their favorite wrestling star; talking and walking li ke him. According to my observation it is usually the younger or weaker kids that are targeted. While Goodman argues that blaming the media for the behavior is unreasonable, and that parents can remedy this behavior by preventing children from watching programs such as wrestling, the reality is not as simple as this. It is not simple the act of observing the violence on television that causes children to emulate wrestling behavior, or aggressive behavior in general. Other factors include what children watch at their friend’s houses, what actions that their friends do, and the fact that the violence and aggression is encouraged in many different forms of media. As a consequence, changing the channel or turning off the television does not appear to be a suitable tactic to prevent children from emulating aggressive behavior, or from learning that aggressive behavior is good and encouraged. Rather, this responsibility falls onto the parents. Whether children consider that violenc e and aggression is something to be encouraged comes from the opinions and lessons that are taught by the parents. Parents have a responsibility to themselves and when they observe this kind of solution it just shows how responsible they are towards their job. Turning off the television or switching the channel cannot assure that the child will not watch it later on or at a friend’s place. Chances are that they might even see it on the internet as now even

Building construction and fire services #2 Essay

Building construction and fire services #2 - Essay Example Lightweight wooden binds are assembled by 50 mm Ãâ€" 150 mm, 50 mm Ãâ€" 100 mm, or 50 mm Ãâ€" 75 mm (2 Ãâ€" 6, 2 Ãâ€" 4, or 2 Ãâ€" 3-inch) timber joined together by gusset plates (Malanga, 1995, p47). Just like every structural element, these trusses are debatably vulnerable to failure when expose to fire or extremely high temperatures. Wooden houses or ceilings are famous for quick fire spread and early disastrous failure in as small as 4 minutes of fire involvement (Malanga, 1995, p44). Unguarded lightweight wooden or even steel binds will stop working after 5 to 10 minutes of contact to fire or extremely high. Binds can fail from contact to heat alone exclusive of any flames. For wood trusses, 100 °F (53.8 °C) is the decisive temperature (Malanga, 1995, p46). Metal gusset plates in wooden binds, unless corner-nailed, can distort and fail extremely fast when exposed to high temperature. Even though, both wooden and steel trusses might be confined with fire-retardant treatments to develop their fire opposition, a majority of them lack this essential matter and; hence put the lives of people at

How the pen is Important Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

How the pen is Important - Research Paper Example It acts as a filter, blocking the processing of extraneous information. Writing letters with a pen or pencil on paper, we concentrate better and make the brain to pay attention to what we write. Virginia Berninger, a psychologist from the University of Washington, explains the differences between the handwriting and the keyboard, so that with handwriting a person commits more movements, because each letter has its own set of elements, and work on the computer is monotone, you need only to press a key (Berninger 72). Many famous writers preferred to write novels and plays by hand, even when their colleagues have chosen the keyboard. In 2009 psychologists of the University of Washington have found that students who wrote essays by hand, got the text which was richer and more diversified, they used more sophisticated phrases and coped with the tasks faster than their peers, who were typing on a computer (â€Å"Learning Disabilities Research & Practice†). Working at a computer overloads our sensory system. Staring of the screen, cursor movement, the temptation availability of any information in a single click – here are the factors which dull our creativity. On the contrary, when you have just a piece of paper and a pen in front of you, the brain does not receive any additional stimulation and focuses its resources on a specific task. Many professors believe that computers serve as distractions, detracting from class discussion and student learning (Yamamoto 56). Habit to record the experiences and thoughts on paper can reduce their severity. (Pennebaker 43) Natalie Rogers, an author of expressive psychotherapy techniques, considered diaries as an important way of self-expression and the awakening of creative energy. The more often we write by hand – the more frequently we express our individuality, is Rogers`s opinion. It is expressed in the shape and size of letters, handwriting fluency, and location of the text on the page. In the process of writing we

Secondary research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Secondary - Research Paper Example In the conventional sense and wisdom, a worker or a person is considered to be a part time worker if he or she work for less than the stipulated thirty five hours in a week (Connolly & Gregory, 2008). In principle, in the recent past, the number of students in the United Kingdom who have taken up part time jobs has increased. To begin with, the students who are inclined towards taking the part time jobs are skewed differently in terms of their demographics and other social inclinations or information. Students who come from relatively poor backgrounds are most likely to take jobs part time so as to cover for the economic and financial difficulties. For instance, the students who depend on government loans and aid to cover their tuition fees are most likely to take up jobs so as to balance and afford their social costs and livelihoods. In this instance and line of thought, the students from poorer backgrounds such as Africa and Asia have been prone and skewed towards applying for jobs as part timers (Bennett, Williams, Page, Hood & Woollard, 2004). In the same respect and line of thought, people of relatively lesser status in the societal hegemony and hierarchy structure also take up part time jobs. It is conventional knowledge and common truth that people of â€Å"notable class and stature,† are more economically endowed and empowered in their lives as compared to others. For instance, the child of a president in one country as a University student in the United Kingdom would have a social more reputable name to be considered and revered in the society. Thus, it is very unlikely that such a student or person would take a part time job as an office assistant, or bar attendant while doing his or her studies. It could be because the son or daughter of the president would not perceive or view such a job to be of his or her equal measure. Thus,

How the pen is Important Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

How the pen is Important - Research Paper Example It acts as a filter, blocking the processing of extraneous information. Writing letters with a pen or pencil on paper, we concentrate better and make the brain to pay attention to what we write. Virginia Berninger, a psychologist from the University of Washington, explains the differences between the handwriting and the keyboard, so that with handwriting a person commits more movements, because each letter has its own set of elements, and work on the computer is monotone, you need only to press a key (Berninger 72). Many famous writers preferred to write novels and plays by hand, even when their colleagues have chosen the keyboard. In 2009 psychologists of the University of Washington have found that students who wrote essays by hand, got the text which was richer and more diversified, they used more sophisticated phrases and coped with the tasks faster than their peers, who were typing on a computer (â€Å"Learning Disabilities Research & Practice†). Working at a computer overloads our sensory system. Staring of the screen, cursor movement, the temptation availability of any information in a single click – here are the factors which dull our creativity. On the contrary, when you have just a piece of paper and a pen in front of you, the brain does not receive any additional stimulation and focuses its resources on a specific task. Many professors believe that computers serve as distractions, detracting from class discussion and student learning (Yamamoto 56). Habit to record the experiences and thoughts on paper can reduce their severity. (Pennebaker 43) Natalie Rogers, an author of expressive psychotherapy techniques, considered diaries as an important way of self-expression and the awakening of creative energy. The more often we write by hand – the more frequently we express our individuality, is Rogers`s opinion. It is expressed in the shape and size of letters, handwriting fluency, and location of the text on the page. In the process of writing we

Who Supported McCarthy's Anti-Communist Crusade Why Did They Support Essay

Who Supported McCarthy's Anti-Communist Crusade Why Did They Support It - Essay Example The more level heads in the widespread paranoia were themselves virtually immobilized. For the most part even liberals and dissenters were reluctant to seem to depart from the overriding anti-communist consensus of the period. McCarthy was not the one and only anti-communist champion, although he may very well have relished that illusion. The Senator's clout intensified with ease in the all-encompassing atmosphere of the Cold War and appeared to commandeer even the White House as his crusade attracted scores of opportunist politicians and uncritical conformists. Aside from the Republican position on the political expediency of an anti-communist platform that was ripe to discredit liberal Democratic policies and programs, any bold antagonist of McCarthy generally risked being inevitably targeted as a Communist supporter, and few wanted the unpleasant backlash. McCarthy's vitriolic accusations of communist subterfuge in government circles surfaced in a series of local campaign talks delivered in Wheeling, West Virginia, not too long after the House Un-American Activities Committee wrapped up an investigation of Alger Hiss, charged, largely through the backing of Representative Richard M. Nixon, as a Soviet agent on the basis of his alleged pro-Communist sympathies and activities many years previous. In fact McCarthy's rhetoric reiterated a conviction rampant in Cold War anti-communist politics and journalism that the enemy was within, slyly maneuvering and determining American policy. The difference here was that McCarthy in his authority as a US senator feigned to be very near to naming individuals, impudently insinuating that he was in the possession of damning evidence. Ultimately his specified numbers of communist infiltrators as two hundred five, and later fifty-seven, really had no factual proof to back them, but McCarthy's recurring mystifications and ambiguities built further hype through the rapt attention of the media in the course of his tour through other states and succeeded splendidly in generating a national uproar. Senior Republican politicians, while rescinding publicly from McCarthy's tactics, were inclined to welcome his targeted censures as a promising opportunity to seize the advantage for the Republican Party in the presidential race of 1952 following years of Democratic power. Heady with the response from his new-found national constituency, McCarthy publicly telegraphed President Truman to demand that he release the Administrations' Security files to Congress. McCarthy soon unearthed a long-extant record of suspect State Department employees dubbed the Lee List, actually compiled earlier by an former Red hunter know as Robert E. Lee. Incredibly, McCarthy, aware that attentive senators could easily see through his deception, coolly claimed he had raided State Department confidential files to expose the purportedly brand new intelligence. McCarthy banked heavily on power-hungry Republican political expedience to rule the day, and it did. The Senate Majority Leader acquiesced to Republican Kenneth Wherry's motion for an all-out inquiry into McCarthy's salient indictments and actually granted the investigating committee power to subpoena the Truman Administration's security files, with the exception of those against specific persons, which, by that fact, restricted any prospect of uncovering the fabrications in McCarthy's claims. Republicans Henry Cabot Lodge and Bourke B. Hickenlooper were members appointed to the committee who were politically sympathetic to McCarthy, and their strong party support abetted the Senator's confident self-importance over Democrats and others who sought to restrain his reckless

Texting and Driving Essay Example for Free

Texting and Driving Essay Texting while driving is the act of composing, sending, reading text messages, email while driving. (Wikipedia) The age group with the greatest proportion of distracted drivers was the under-20 age group. (2009,NHTSA) With todays technology teenagers feel the need to be connected to their friends at all time. Even the simplest of conversations become extremely important due to the fact that they feel like they need to be talking twenty four seven. Texting and driving is so common that it increases the chances of having an accident at any moment no matter how much control you think you have over whats happening, not only can it increase accidents but you can also harm yourself and others, and just when you think thats all that can happen I tell you that you can kill too. So unless you plan on being someones bitch in jail, I suggest you educate yourself a little on the wrong that you are doing. Just think to yourself Is this conversation really that important? The answer should always be no. Five seconds are the average time your eyes are off the road while texting, when traveling at 55mph, thats enough to cover the length of an entire football field. (2009,VTTI) Thats also enough time to get into a severe car accident. Many people realize the risk they are taking by texting and driving, but they seem to not care, seeing as how their phone is always in the palm of their hands, and theyre paying more attention to it than their driving and surroundings. Forty nine percent of drivers under the age of 35 send or read text messages while driving. (2011, Harris Poll) Thats an extremely high percentage, and any one of those people could cause the biggest collision youve ever seen in your entire life, in a matter of seconds. When youre texting and driving, y oure reaction time is significantly decreased, so those five seconds you used to look at your phone, you couldve used to notice that cars were beginning to brake, and you shouldve too.Congratulations, youve just been in an accident. Now, not only has your car insurance sky rocketed because the collision is your fault, but your medical bill and lawsuit will be a lot too. So, is that text still important to you? In an accident you always risk hurting yourself, and the person in the other car. You see the paramedics hovering you as you slowly open your eyes, you dont remember what happened, so naturally you ask one of them what it was that happened. You got into an accident sir. Well whos the one who caused it? You are, sir. You were texting and didnt stop. Youre now on your way to the hospital with what may be a broken leg because you couldnt wait. Thirty five percent of teens who drive while distracted dont think they get hurt. (2010, AAA and seventeen magazine) To me, driving is serious. My cousin died in a car accident in 2004, and i dont like risking my safety over a text message that could wait, because I know I could get hurt at any second. Not only am I concerned with my safety, and not only should you be concerned with yours. Fact is, teenagers are usually with their friends, driving to the mall, or a party, so you should also be concerned with their safety. Their lives are in your hands, and their medical bill. I dont know about you, but I dont plan on paying a thousand or more on someones injury, when it couldve been avoided by waiting. I like my bones and limbs in tact, and Im pretty sure that i speak for everyone when i say that. Given the choice, we would never want to break or lose them. Twenty two percent of teens who drive wh ile distracted say it makes driving less boring. (2010, AAA and seventeen magazine) Driving isnt supposed to be exciting, youre supposed to take it seriously. Your safety is at risk!!!! No wonder the older generation looks down on us in shame, and thinks were electronic dependent idiots. Distracted driving is the number one killer of American teens. Alcohol- related accidents among teens have dropped, but teenage traffic fatalities have remained unchanged because distracted driving is on the rise. (2007, Childrens hospital of Philadelphia and State Farm insurance study and NHTSA study) How is it that texting and driving hasnt been made completely illegal everywhere in the United States?! I am completely outraged! If it is killing as many teens as drinking and driving would, then wouldnt common sense tell you to make it illegal? Not only are they risking their own lives, but they are risking everyone elses in the car, family and friends. How would you be able to live with yourself kn owing that you killed your mom or you best friend in a car accident because you were texting K or some worthless text message? Or what if youre texting and you dont notice that innocent twelve year old boy crossing the road, and you run over him? next thing you know, youre paying his funeral, and time in prison. You better hope theres no death penalty in your state, because if I were the mother of that child, Id be pushing for it. How would you be able to live with the fact that you took that innocent childs life?! How you took that mothers reason to breathe away? What would you family have to say about this? Did the not teach you better? Youd have a lot of time to reflect on all of this in prison. Dont give me that this is too much punishment speech, because if the situation were vice versa youd be waning the same amount of punishment, or worst. Texting and driving does cause accidents and some worst than drunk driving accidents, those accidents can lead to major injuries for you and/or the people in the car with you, and not only injuries but you can cause fatalities to people in your car, the other car, or pedestrians. So, another set of bills youll have to pay to add to your stress, due to an accident†¦. awesome! How do you feel about possibly amputating a ligament due to major blood loss or trauma, because of your text? Yeah, I dont like that idea either. Prison? Id rather stay out of it by not texting and driving and avoiding killing someone else. Dont think about the person on the other side of the phone when driving, think b out how youll be the one paying for everything: Physically, emotionally, and mentally. They wont be thinking about you in your time of struggle. Texting can wait.

An Explication of Washing Day :: Washing Day

An Explication of Washing Day One Source Cited The poem Washing Day by Anna Letitia Barbauld illustrates two different points of view of the events that are happening on washing day. The first view is how the people surrounding the author feel towards the chores to be done that day. The second is the view from the author when she was a child, observing all that is happening. The idea of the poem is to bring to the reader's attention the joy and innocence of childhood, while at the same time noting the importance of the events of the day. The author accomplishes this by her choice of words used to describe the various tasks. As soon as the poem begins, the reader detects a feeling of melancholy. The opening line "The Muses are turned gossips" immediately creates a negative tone. Muses (inspirations) are usually thought of as being good and uplifting, here they are being turned into something that is generally thought of as being bad. As the poem continues, a sense of sarcasm can be detected at the end of the author's reference to this day. She details the way the women ("domestic Muse") come from where they live in a most woeful way "prattling on" and going by mud where there are drowning flies and an old shoe. Then she ends this section by saying, "Come, Muse; and sing the dreaded Washing-Day." If something is dreaded, a person is not going to be singing about it, even though the men would probably like to see that. The description of marriage in the next line is interestingly negative. " Beneath the yoke of wedlock bend,..." a yoke is put on an ox which is a beast of burden! I suppose the w omen feel exactly this way because they seem to have no choice in the matter. As the women are getting ready the sky looks as though it is going to rain, which makes the task even worse. Barbauld's description of the attitude at the breakfast table continues the melancholy. She uses the word "silent" and "dispatched" to depict breakfast, words that are not associated with an enjoyable meal (line 19). The next few lines illustrate the effect of the rain on such a day.

herody Free Essays: Heroes in the Poem Women and Homers Odyssey :: comparison compare contrast essays

Heroes in the Poem Women and Homer's Odyssey A hero is a brave and strong person, who is also very human. A hero feels fear and every other emotion that we do. A true hero is a person who does something great and does not expect to be given any thing in return. A hero does something that effects a large number of people. A hero thinks more of others than he or she thinks of him or her self. The characters in the poem, "Women", and The Odyssey are both epic heroes. Odysseus is a strong and brave man, but I think he lacks one of the major characteristics of a hero. I think he thinks of himself more than of others. I think the characters in the poem, "Women," are better heroes because they can be related to easier. I don't think the poem characters are like an epic hero because they are less into them selves than an epic hero. They also seem to have done lesser things, I mean epic heroes always do something so great, like take twenty men on, or lead an army to victory. Everyday heroes seem to be more realistic and do something that's great, but its not written up in every news paper in the country. Odysseus is a brave man that did great things. In The Odyssey he conquers a monster using smarts and strength. He also looks out for his crew mates. He is faithful to his wife, well, in his mind he is. He kills many men on his own in a battle at his home. He cries a couple of times in the story, showing sensitivity. Overall, Odysseus is a brave and caring human that is a little too conceited He is also very smart, like in the book when Odysseus said, "He thought he'd find out, but I saw through him."(on page 750 line723.) Also like most epic heroes Odysseus is physically strong, like when Odysseus said, "I rammed it deep in his eye."(on page 751 line 843.) Odysseus rammed a large spike into the beast's eye. The poem "Women" was a great description of black women in the mid

Character & story Essay

Character do counts. It is the foundation of our personality; hence, it portrays our inner self, and represents our whole identity. We are judged according to what we represent and what we shows. We are respected based on what we intend to be seen by others. Character do counts; because it is the basis of how we decide and how we pursue life. 2. Being ethical is important because it is a moral obligation which is important not only for ourselves, but for the entire population. We are bound to do things that will not harm every life, therefore, being ethical, is also being a person that is morally respected. 3. First in the â€Å"Six Pillar of Character† of Josephson is trustworthiness. (8) This pertains to one’s credibility through honesty. It is not just important to be honest with the other people, but also to be honest with yourself. To acquire trust form others, trust within oneself should be first recognized by himself. Holding and keeping promises creates a higher level of being trusted and credible. Trustworthiness is a character that summarizes your being as a person. Second is respect. (10) One of the most important character one should have is respect. Respect is usually is not earned but learned rather. â€Å"Learn to respect yourself before someone respects you†, which is true at all times. People will judge you according to what you intend to show them of who and what you are. It is not the question of who will respect you, but it’s how you respect yourself. Third is responsibility. (5) As a person bounded in the realm of the society, we are born with different kinds of responsibility attached to us. Therefore, we have responsibility to our family, in the society and in the country, and into every aspect that we live for. We are also accountable for our actions. It should be remembered that every steps and actions we make, are part of our responsibilities as a person. Fourth is fairness. (7) In a world full of inequality and injustice, we are expected to correct all these mistakes. Fairness in every action reflects what kind of person we are and how we are brought up. Fifth and sixth is caring (10) and citizenship (8). These two pertains to our attitude to a bigger context. It involves the practice of mentioned characters, as this is the application of what we have learned. Responsibility and being fair needs improvement in my part. Learning by internalizing will help improve myself. 4. Decision making is crucial when we do not understand the consequences that would result from a simple action. It is important to recognize the core foundations of a good decision; first is that we have the will and power what we do and what we say, and second is that we have are aware for the responsibility in such actions. To have an ethical and effective decision, there are several components in good choices. By looking in the options seriously, which means analyzing and evaluating first the options, we are close to a good decision. Recognizing important decisions from minor decisions should also be noticed to avoid mixing the level of importance. Good decision also requires discipline. To be able to make right decisions, we have to control ourselves to what we want and to what is right and just for all. Everyone in the cycle should be considered in taking decisions so that to lessen unlikely outcomes. 5. For example, Jake is a self-supporting student ever since he entered college. He survived for the last three and a half of his years in school through scholarships and doing part time jobs. But unfortunately, at his last semester in the school, he was not able to renew his scholarship due to his failing grade in a subject. Without having a scholarship, it will be difficult for him to pursue his studies, but he still has his part time job. Given these facts, he has to work double or trice to fully support his self; therefore, he needs to decrease the units that he will register on the coming semester to give way to his job. BUT, he is a graduating student on that semester. In doing so, he will be delayed in his graduation. The question is whether he should work full time or to register but to suffer the consequences, since he is financially unstable. Applying the Seven-Step Path to Better Decisions, Jake should first a lot several days for himself to think and make realizations. This will prevent rash decisions and late regrets. Then after that, Jake has to clarify what are his primary goals and objectives. Through this, it will be clear to what path he should be. After that, he should be able to recognize the facts that exist, like the fact of his financial instability. Right after that, he should think another ways and options depending on his primary goal. If it’s his graduation, then, he should think for another scholarship. Fifth, is to consider options. This should be filtered according to six pillars of characters. He has to do what he think is right for himself and for everybody. Sixth is to choose the best possible option. He should can for the advice of his friends or family so that the decision would not be bias to his self. Last is to monitor and modify, which means, still, evaluate the decision he have made. 6. Its all for a good cause. Good example of this is cheating in a basketball game; hurting opponents to win the championship for the benefit of the school. At the end, its still for the â€Å"goodness of everyone† as stated. It’s just part of the job. Basketball–intentionally pushing an opponent to get the ball. If its necessary, its ethical! Volleyball. Just to gain the fame and fund of the school, they have to win the game. On its last serve, its against your side; the opponent has successfully reached your court, but you’re the only one to see if its in! And since it’s necessary, you just claimed that it is out! 7. Its when I chose not to speak when my teacher in my grade school subject about the cheating arrangement of my classmates during our exam. It so happen that they are also my friends that’s why I didn’t mentioned a single thing. As a result, my name became involved that resulted to suspension for three days. 8. It’s when I decided to join a volunteer group before to deliver goods in an area affected by a calamity, and that the same day, I have a class to attend to, which I didn’t. As a result, I was overwhelmed by the response of the people on that particular area, and became one of my most treasured moments. 9. Happiness is simply doing what you most wanted, not only on a single benefit, but for all you love. It is achieving the core of wants and what you love. Happiness for your self is incomparable to the happiness that you will feel when you can see that this happiness is not just meant for your self, but rather being happy for someone. I want to be a person that sees happiness as the primary objective in the cycle of human emotions; a person that will be happy for someone in no matter what.

1800 Century English Literature Essay

Introduction Poems have been used for centuries to communicate, hide, preserve and transform meaning that in normal parlance would lose its significance. The significance of poems is as vital as the human race as is echoed by the words of John Keating who said, â€Å"We don’t read and write poems because it is cute. We read and write poems because we are members of the human race. And the human race is filled with passion†¦Ã¢â‚¬    Therefore, poems can tell a story, vividly describe an object or situation, express the feelings of animate and in-animate things beyond what the normal sentence structure ever will (Kurkland). The use of language as a vehicle or tool of delivery is paramount through out histories of all cultures. Linguistic importance is noted in many poems written before the 1800 because they capture historical moments and great deeds of men which normal language would not do much justice.   Hero and Lander is a fragmentary poem   by Christopher Marlowe who lived in the 1550s , a retelling a love story of two people, first written by a Greek poet Masseus Grammaticus but retold by Marlowe in a unique sensual and erotic way that captured the hearts of many of his contemporaries and was considered a master piece. The battle of Maldon is a poem named after a famous battle fought towards the end of 10th century between the English and the Vikings. The poem describes the events of the battle and the gruesome experience endured by the fighters, the act of courage(folly)by the main character in the poem King Brithnoth, who was the English leading his army against the Viking invasion.   The two poems underscore the importance of linguistic devices and reveal the major concerns of the period in terms of human development. They are a passionate account of their subject and strive to deliver a vivid and moving account of the times using style and symbolism to carry their emotionally laden subjects. Comparison and Contrast In Battle of Maldon, the opening stanza begins at a high note. †Then he ordered each of his warriors his horse to loose Far off to send it and forth to go, To be mindful of his hands and of his high heart†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Battle of Maldon The king is urging his soldiers on for a combat. He does not give them time to think of going back or of retreat. He also encourages them to be brave. In Hero and Lander, the beginning is as dramatic as the one on Battle of Maldon. â€Å"On â€Å"Hellespont, guilty of true-love’s blood, In view and opposite two cities stood, Sea-borderers, disjoined by Neptune’s might;..† The fact that there is guilt is already a foreshadow of revelations of sins ahead. The heart , which is alluded to in these first few lines (by true love and blood) is also mentioned in Battle of Maldon , to bring out the urgency and tense condition the subjects in the poems are experiencing. The key similarities and differences between the two cultural periods represented by these narratives While Hero and Lander was written during the period of romanticism in Europe when most of the scholarly work was based on the liberal arts, intellectual development based on theology religion and the arts took centre stage. It was the period of Shakespeare and human beings were more concerned with topics such as love, justice, war, among others. The battle of Maldon was however written when human beings existed to serve the wish of their kings, battles were fought as often as duels and everything was done with the aim of battling an enemy and protecting boundaries. The battle of Maldon elevates moral triumph over physical victory. Though the king is defeated, his action of letting the Vikings into his territory, â€Å"Then did the earl, in his overweening heart Lend land too much to that loathed people. Then ‘gan he call out – across the cold water Brighthelm’s son, and all the band listened. â€Å"Now room is meted you, come swiftly to us.† (The battle of Maldon)   This is an act chivalry because he chooses not to fight a battle with an enemy who is greatly disadvantaged. In doing this, he was able to make a level-battling field for his opponents who later butchered him mercilessly. However, king Brithnoth dies, his act of bravado lives in the poem to this day. His country men who also stand by his body to fight until death also display the solidarity, patriotism and loyalty demanded of any subject. The others who fled portray an influence of insincere and coward-like men who decided to flee their own brothers while they are being butchered. Though some of the texts in the beginning and the end of the original manuscript were burnt in a fire, the background to the poem completely captures the heroic act of Brithnoth who decides to fight to death instead of the option of paying off the Vikings. Both poems seem to be concerned with a central object in the human body, the heart. They try to explain how the heart is an important component on moving men to act in either cowardice, bravery or foolishness.   In contrast, the two poems also address different topic altogether. While the battle of Maldon addresses courage, morality and loyalty (virtues), Hero and Lander focuses on the passion and intensity of love and its effect on human beings. While the former is drawn toward principles and virtues (objective), the latter is drawn toward human suffering and happiness. However, both poems advocate for dying for a cause. In the battle of Maldon, the cause is honor while in Hero and Lander, its love References Daniel J Kurkland 2000. www.Critical reading.com http://www.criticalreading.com/poetry.htm â€Å"The Battle of Maldon† translated by Barridge Wilfridge.   1997-2009 http://www.battleofmaldon.org.uk/index.htm â€Å"Hero and Leander, Christopher Marlowe – Introduction.† Poetry Criticism, Ed. Lawrence J. Trudeau. Vol. 57 Gale Cengage, 2004. eNotes.com. 2006. 11 Dec 2009 â€Å"Hero and Leander†, by Christopher Marlowe http://www.classic-literature.co.uk/british-authors/16th-century/christopher-marlowe/hero-and-leander/   

First Day on Earth Pro and Antagonist Essay

In the novel â€Å"First Day on Earth†, the protagonist is a boy named Mal whom believes he is an alien and is being tracked. He thinks he doesn’t belong on Earth and is needed in outerspace. Mal’s Father left his mother when he was a kid and now lives with his mother whom is often drunk. He often goes to an abductee support group where he meets people with other worldly secrets of their own which they share at this group. Also,Mal meets a guy named Hooper who seems to be somewhat like Mal. Hooper says he is an alien and Mal thinks that some day these aliens will find him and he is going to be free. Mal is very different from everyone else. He is bullied by all the popular kids and is often ignored. He never likes to share his thoughts in class about anything because he thinks they are stupid and everyone will laugh at him. Mal is the kid with greasy hair, slumped in the last row of seats in class. The kid whom everyone is afraid to talk to. He is full of secreats. Years ago, he disappeared in for three days. weather it was a breakdown or an alien abduction, even Mal isn’t sure. In my opinion, the song â€Å"Fireworks† by Katy Perry describes the character of Mal very well. This is because the quote â€Å"baby your a firework, come and let your colours burst† means that don’t be afraid of what others think of you, just do what you think is right. In this novel, Mal’s character is exactly like this verse from the song because he believes he is an alien and doesn’t care what others think of him. he keeps stuff to himself and doesn’t mind anyone else’s business or what they think about him. Mal is a very loving and caring kind of person. He has only two friends, Mark and Sameer whom don’t sit with him at lunch because Mal likes the outdoors and they dont. All the popular kids ignore him except for a girl named Posey. She doesn’t care what anyone thinks about her,she’s just always nice to Mal and is always willing to help out. Mal likes animals and can’t see them in trouble, so whenever he finds lost or hurt animals, he brings them to a shelter where Posey’s mother works. That way, the animals are taken care of very well, and Mal gets a chance to get closer to people. When Mal goes with Hooper to send him back home, Mal tells him he wants to go with him and how he doesn’t like it being on Earth. Hooper tells him that he is his only friend and doesn’t want any harm for him, so he refuses. When Hooper leaves into the distance, Mal, Posey and Darwyn go back into the car and go on their way back home, when Mal decides to make a U-Turn and goes back into the place where he left Hooper. Mal decides to go and follow where hooper had left and ended up in space. He then made a really tough decision of staying in Earth because of the people whom need him such as his drunk mother, friends and most importantly, Earth. Antagonist In this novel, the antagonist is a boy named Hooper. Mal meets him at an abductee support group where people share their stories of what they think happened to them. As Hooper shares his story, Mal gets really interested and gets confidence to share his own. As everyone heard Mal’s story, they reacted like nothing happened so Hooper gave him a thumbs-up to show him it went fine.Almost everyone in the group was older than Mal except for Hooper. He was the only person at the abductee support group who was almost the same age as Mal/looked like it. As Mal and Hooper get to know each other a bit more, Hooper tells Mal that he is an alien and doesn’t belong at Earth,which is exactly what Mal thinks about himself. As Mal was driving, he saw a dog and decided to follow it so he can give it to the shelter. The dog ran and went to Hooper whom was living in a box. Mal was shocked and wanted to talk to him about it so he took him to a Burrito place and said it was his treat because he wasn’t sure if he had any money. He told him to take his belongings with him so he can take him to a shelter home. In my opinion, the song â€Å"E.T† by Katy Perry describes the character of Hooper very well. This is because it describes how Hooper is an alien and is different/ has different ways to do things. The verse â€Å"They say, be afraid,your not like the others†¦Ã¢â‚¬  means that people say to be afraid but your not like others so there is no need to be afraid. I believe this is Hooper’s character because he isn’t afraid of humans even though he is an alien and doesn’t know much about humans. Hooper is a very straingt forward kind of person. He says everything direct of whatever he thinks. Outside of the support group, he regularly meets Mal except after he went to the shelter home. After the day Mal took him for the treat to Burrito’s, Hooper’s favourite food became Burrito’s. He would go there almost everyda. One day when Mal and Hooper met, Hooper treated Mal to eat Burrito’s. Mal talked to hooper of how he believes he is an alien and wanted him to take him to outerspace. Hooper starts to laugh and says he is his only friend, and doesn’t want anything to happen to him, and refuses. When Hooper and Mal get very close to eachother, Hooper shows Mal the star chart and tells him how he is an extraterrestril. He also lets Mal keep the chart, but Mal refuses because he thinks he will loose it , so Hooper decides to give him a copy of the chart instead. Near the ending of the novel, Hooper tells Mal that he needs to go to his actual home because it is now or never.

The Auditing Profession - Accounting vs.Auditing & the Auditing within Essay

The Auditing Profession - Accounting vs.Auditing & the Auditing within the IRS - Essay Example We mention the opinion of Richard Brown, cited by two world-class specialists (Mautz and Sharaf, 1961) indicating that audit has its roots in the past, only a little beyond the origins of accounting. Every time the society progress has made it necessary for a man to be entrusted with the property of another- to some extent, the need of a certain type of its loyalty control become obvious. The textbook definition included in the Report of the Committee on Basic Auditing Concepts of the American Accounting Association presents auditing as â€Å"a systematic process of objectively obtaining and evaluating evidence regarding assertions about economic actions and events to ascertain the degree of correspondence between those assertions and established criteria and communicating the results to interested users† (Media Wiley, 2003, p.4). To emphasize the essence of financial audit, its meaning and scope, we present the definition of Arens and Loebbecke, two high-class American specia lists: â€Å"audit consists of gathering and evaluating evidences to determine and report the degree of compliance of reported with a series of predetermined criteria. The audit should be conducted by a competent and independent individual." (Arens&Loebbecke, 2003, p.11). Many of the indicated features are common to all forms of audit. There are various types of audit, such as operational, technical, ecological, but in the vast majority of cases, the term refers to the audit of financial statements. Table 1: Main features of various types of audits Type of audit Financial statement audit Compliance audit Audit report and internal control Operational audit Assertion about economic actions and operations Presentation of financial position, results of operations and cash flow Claims or data pertaining to adherence to policies, laws, regulations, so on. Adequacy of system of internal control over financial reporting Operational or performance data Established criteria GAAP Managementâ €™s policy or laws and regulations COSO criteria for evaluating internal controls Objectives set by management Communication of results Opinion of independent CPA Summary of findings or assurance regarding degree of compliance Opinion of independent CPA Summary of findings regarding efficiency and effectiveness observed Interested users Investors, creditors and others Management, board of directors and others Investors, creditors and others Management and board of directors Source: Media Wiley. Auditing and the Public Accounting Profession-Integrity of Financial reporting, 2003, p.7 Note: COSO=Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission; GAAP=Generally Accepted Accounting Principles; CPA=Certified Public Accountant. Table 1 summarizes main differences between various types of audit: financial statements audit, compliance audits, audit reports on internal control and operational audits. As presented, financial audit is an examination conducted by an independe nt, competent professional, in order to express a justified opinion on the validity and correct application of financial-accounting internal procedures established by managers and on the real, complete and accurate nature of a unit’s financial statements. Financial auditors analyze and compare accounting reports and other documents in terms of conformity with established standards and regulations such as GAAP

X-Ray Powder Diffraction Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

X-Ray Powder Diffraction - Essay Example (Marta J.K Flour, 1997) Theory A non amorphous material consists of a three dimensional structure having atoms in a series of planes separated by a distance. When X-Rays are directed on to this structure, part of it is transmitted the specimen, some part is absorbed, a part is refracted and the rest diffracted. Diffraction of the beam brings out a fingerprint of the crystal lattice which depends on the arrangement of atoms in different planes and the type of mineral in the lattice. (Ron Jenkins, 2000) Applications 1. Apart from identifying the different minerals present it also gives an accurate data regarding the proportion of each of these minerals in the mixture. 2. It is also used in determining the degree of crystalline phase in a mineral and the divergence from its ideal state. 3. Study of secondary minerals helps in ascertaining the degree of solubility of the mineral and the kind of storage facility this would require. 4. Analysis of the under clays lying under coal beds have helped in identifying the nature of environment and climate that existed in these Middle Pennsylvanian regions. Introduction-2 The discovery of x rays by W.C Roentgen in 1895 led to its use in identifying the structure of crystalline materials. In principle a monochromatic beam of x-ray electrons will be dispersed by the atomic electrons and different diffraction patterns are obtained for each plane of crystal lattice. The diffraction pattern that is obtained by using the x ray powder diffraction method is used to identify the various phases in different materials.( James R Connelly, 2007) Theory X rays generated under vacuum conditions are made to impinge on a sample that has been ground into powder of size less than 10 microns. The arrangement of atoms in the crystal lattice causes these electrons to be diffracted by varying degrees. This can therefore be used to ascertain the distances between different planes of atoms by applying Bragg’s law. This ‘fingerprint†™ allows in better identification of a material. ( Mike Meier, 2004) Applications 1. Identification of materials chemical compounds and rocks in single phase and multiphase respectively. 2. Ascertaining amorphous materials that are partly in crystalline state. 3. The amount of different phases calculated using peak-ratio calculations 4. These are used in remote sensing study of hydrothermally distorted rocks that are found on several Cascade volcanoes and its study helps in gathering information regarding landslides and mudflows. Introduction-3 X ray powder diffraction method is a non-destructive procedure used in the identification of phases and determination of crystal structure along with its imperfections. All kinds of microcrystalline structures of metals, ceramics, organics and catalysts can found out using this technique which was initially devised by Debye and Scherrer in 1916. Theory Current applied releases electrons from a filament. These electrons are then accelerated at voltages of 60kV onto a copper piece producing x rays on impingement. These x rays are then directed onto a sample that has been ground to fine powder of size less than 10 microns. The diffraction pattern that is obtained can be used to measure the actual distances between crystalline planes using the equations of Bragg’s Law. ( Stock.S.R & Cullity B.D, 2001) Applications 1. Ascertain crystal structure of an unknown material and phase identification of high and low temperature phases. 2. Degree of crystalline phase that is present in a material. A crystalline phase presents narrower diffraction peaks compared to amorphous phases. 3. The amount of residual stress that exists in a material after the external load has been removed. 4.

Helping Parents Apply First Aid Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Helping Parents Apply First Aid - Essay Example occurs when an object is lodged in the windpipe thus a child is not able to breathe. The child may also have a blocked windpipe from having an allergic reaction to food. Young children often swallow various objects and because chocking leads to an insufficient amount of air into the brain, and first aid needs to be administered quickly (Nelson, 2002). A list of items that should be present includes: †¢ Hand sanitizer so that one can be able to clean their hands when water or soap is not available. †¢ Triple-Antibiotic ointment so that there can be the prevention of infection. †¢ Thermometer. †¢ Acetaminophen for the pain or fever. †¢ Oral antihistamine for allergic reactions. †¢ Instant cold press in order to control the swelling. †¢ Calamine lotion to help with the bites or stings. Procedure: 1. Assessing the situation: when a child is unable to breathe, cry or laugh, then there is something that is defiantly wrong with the child. 2. If the child is coughing, it means that the child’s windpipe is only partially blocked. When that is the case, the child should be led to continue coughing. This is the most effective method of unblocking the windpipe and in particular to anyone who is not fully blocked (Nelson, 2002). 3. Ask another individual to call the emergency number such as 911 while giving the child back blows and chest thrusts.

Worksheet 1 (architecture) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Worksheet 1 (architecture) - Essay Example From Old Main in the Gothic Revival style to the new Performance Hall a range of architectural design can be found. The Family Life Building built in the 1935 was Art Deco. Every building was built in a specific style. The outside might be redone, but many of the buildings are remodeled on the inside alone. Thus the buildings stay true to historical outer facades, but are updated to be modern on the inside. The Manon Caine Russell Kathryn Caine Wanlass Performance Hall is a fairly new addition to the USU. It is the USU Performance Hall. The glass, steel, and concrete geometrical form a terrific acoustical hall for performances. The 400 seat hall is perfect for sound quality. The suspension of all mechanical systems either with pads or springs detracts any vibrations or extra sounds. The Performance Hall was created solely for the best acoustical effects possible. Old Main is my favorite building for several reasons. First, the building had a fire in the 80’s. Instead of tearing the building down, the building was restored. I believe that more old buildings need to be maintained and restored instead of being torn down. Old Main has been remodeled on the interior over the years. Most things need to be maintained. Buildings are no exception. One example of a remodel is the bells. In the tower bells have been located since 1904. Today electronic bells can be heard every 15 minutes during the day. The remodels have made Old Main into a modern building on the inside, while remaining a Gothic Revival tribute on the outside. The oldest building on the Utah State University campus is Old Main. This Gothic Revival building dates back to 1889. The building has been renovated and added on to several times. The building, despite being over a hundred years old, still functions. Old Main currently houses USU administration and main offices for USA departments. The original mission of the university was to promote land-grant or agriculture. The USU was originally the

Apples iPhone Smartphone Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Apples iPhone Smartphone - Research Paper Example The launch of the iPhone was done in UK on June 29th 2007 amid great fanfare and customer expectations. The phone was touted as a hybrid cellphone-computer-mp3 player. It has all the dream features of a touch screen, with 3G technology, video camera recording, internet access through wifi, Bluetooth, mp3 player and GPS mapping. "It is not a phone, but a hand held multi-function device, one for a person on the move" was the message sent out by the company. In the internet based market, new applications are a premium market. The iPhone offers download features that are a great value addition to the customer. The market for mobile applications, or apps, will become "as big as the internet", peaking at 10 million apps in 2020, a leading online store says.1Apple runs the most popular application store with more than 65,000 applications. There had been a record 1.5 billion downloads in July 2009. 3G spectrum allows faster download of data, simultaneous transfer of both voice data (a telephone call) and non-voice data (such as downloading information, exchanging e-mail, and instant messaging. The highlight of 3G is video telephony. 4G technology stands to be the future standard of wireless devices2. When the customer does not need to carry a separate device for listening to radio, internet access, locating places on maps, communicating through audio-visuals and connecting to other mobile and non-mobile devices, definitely, the value addition can be measured in terms of millions of $ saved on these gadgets. A hand held magical device that acts as a screen for a bank account, a demat account, gives access to online shopping from across the world, brings the best of Utube and FM, helps people communicate and trade has added value not only on monetary terms, but also in terms of satisfaction for the customer. Customer Support Genius Bar These are set up at all retail stores to help customers troubleshoot any problems they may face. The customer support workers are professionals thoroughly trained in the working of Mac, iPod, Apple TV, and iPhone. There's little they don't know about Apple products3. An appointment can be fixed over the internet at the local Apple store. Download Support The iPhone comes with download support for a user guide complete with troubleshooting hints, syncing with other phones, enabling MMS. Thus, help is at hand for both offshore and onshore problems. The website http://www.apple.com/support/ gives clear instructions on getting help at every step, whether for setting up the iPhone or downloading complicated data from websites. Discussion Forums Discussion forums have been set up by the company for people to exchange their ideas and experiences while using the iPhone. This would be very handy for the customer as simple problems could be solved by interacting with other iPhone users. New partnerships with technology partners New products open up new markets and avenues for partnerships with both service providers and customers. The iPhone has brought about a revolution in the way a phone is used. It has opened business channels for various parties. Service providers Internet service providers and mobile telephony service providers are falling over each other to provide their service through

Othello is a play about jealousy Essay Example for Free

Othello is a play about jealousy Essay Othello is a play about jealousy, Iagos innate jealousy and the imposed jealousy of Othello, discuss. Othello is a Shakesperian tragedy in which the valuable qualities of the favourable characters are manipulated against them in such a way that their own qualities catalyse their own downfall. At the start of the play all is well between the honest Othello and sweet Desdemona until Iago slowly poisons Othellos mind until it cumulates in a bloody and murderous finale. Shakespeares plays are well renowned for their examination of human emotions through drama, Romeo and Juliet examined the nature love, Hamlet examined the characteristic of having a weak mind, and both of these plays revealed the dangerous aspects to extreme feelings. Othello is a play that also explores the destruction that human emotion can lead to, and this essay shall consider the proposition that Othello is a play about the emotion of jealousy and its consequences. Iago is the first cause of all the trouble in Othello. His apparent motive for wanting to oust Cassio in favour of himself is his belief that Cassio is less fit and capable of the position of lieutenant than he. Nor the division of a battle he knows More than a spinster, unless bookish rhetoric, Wherein the togged consuls can propose, As masterly as he. Mere prattle without practise In all his soldiership. Iago, Act I, scene I. The harsh sounding pr sound in the alliteration in Iagos speech suggests his anger at Cassios appointment. This idea is later supported when Iago goes on to declare he cannot feel love for the Moor, as he feels Othello picks officers out of favouritism. Iago feels hard done to by Othello, and the combination of these revelations indicate that Iago is jealous of Cassios new position and contemptuous towards Othello for giving it because he wanted the position for himself. He may also feel jealous because he is considered less favourable as a person to Othello, because he scorns Othello picking his lieutenant out of favouritism. It is these feelings that rouse the desire for revenge on Cassio and The Moor inside Iago, and cause him to plan the fall of his superiors. Jealous people are never happy with others fortunes and therefore can only be happy when others are misfortunate. Therefore, it is possible Iagos desire for destruction is spurred by his jealousy. Due to the fact Iago is the root cause of the tragic result of the play, the point that Othello is about Iagos innate jealousy seems to be well made because it is jealousy which first inspires Iago to bring misfortune to those he views to be better off than himself. Iago is not only jealous of Cassio, but also jealous of Othello. Similarly to the jealousy he feels for Cassio, Iago is jealous of Othellos respect and fortunate position. However, there is also evidence that Iago is jealous of Othellos relations with women. He believes that his wife has been unfaithful to him with Othello and this would rouse jealousy and contempt. And it is thought abroad that twixt my sheets Hes done my office Iago also finds Desdemona very attractive, and perhaps reveals he wants her for himself, although Iagos precise motives are never revealed in the play. Now I do love her (Desdemona) too; Not out of absolute lust, through peradventure I stand accountant to as great as sin, But partly led to diet my revenge For I do suspect the lusty Moor Hath leaped In my seat Act II scene I line ~280 This speech can be interpreted as either meaning he loves Desdemona because he can use her as a tool in his revenge against the Moors behaviour with his wife, or perhaps interpretted as Iago admitting he wants Desdemona for himself- and his justification of this feeling being that Othello had Emilia. Either interpretation concludes that Iago hates the moor because of jealousy not only on the grounds of status and position in the army, but also in terms of women too. The idea of Iagos innate jealousy of wanting Desdemona for himself would explain his behavoir of disregard for Desdemonas feelings in conspiring misfortune for Othello. Iago sees her as a whore, And Ill warrant her, full of game Iago Act II scene III line 19. And this treatment of devalueing is similar to that of someone you want for youself and cannot have1. He is jealous of Othellos relationship with her, and thus his hatred extends to her because he feels that Desdemona should love him and thus he not only wants Othellos position, but to destroy the love he has with Desdemona because he is jealous of it. Iago would not have gone beyond his plans to simply eliminate Cassio if he had not felt passion for Desdemona, his actions to ruin her stem beyond military position. Another idea as to why Iago plans to eliminate Cassio and Othello is that of Coleridges suggestion of motiveless-malignity. The idea that Iago was not exactly jealous but just gained pleasure from seeing others miserable is, in my opinion, is a stronger idea than that of Iago acting because of jealousy alone. There is evidence to suggest that Iago was not jealous of Othello supposedly having sex with his wife, but just saw it as more reason to hate him. Iago did not hate Othello because of this- but as well as this- and this suggests that Iago had no real reason to hate Othello, but his evil character enjoyed the pleasure of seeing a great man fall. I hate the Moor And it is thought abroad that twixt my sheets He has done my office Act I scene III line ~385 The use of AND in this speech suggests that Iago hates the Moor through separate reasons than the issue of his wife. Iagos treatment of Roderigo and Desdemona in the play also suggest that Iago is just an innately evil person rather than someone corrupted by innate jealousy. Roderigo and Desdemona have complete faith in honest Iago, and he abuses their trust and incorporates them into his plans regardless of how he may hurt them as individuals. O good Iago, What shall I do to win my lord again? Good friend, go to him Desdemona to Iago Act IV scene II line ~147 He has no reason to be jealous of Roderigo and Desdemona and yet he hurts them anyway, so this suggests Othello is not just about Iagos innate jealousy, but his evil ways. He knows the trouble he is causing, and indeed uses dark imagery to express the enjoyment in the pain he creates. I havent. It is engendered. Hell and night Must bring this monstorous birth to the worlds light The darkness in the language and the imagery of hell he uses indicates a dark cruel side in Iago and the playful romantic imagery of his evil plans proves he retracts enjoyment out of it without guilt. If consequence do but approve my dream My boat sails freely both with wind and steam. I believe getting so much enjoyment out of their misery is a point against Othello being about Iagos innate jealousy because jealous people tend to act irrationally. Iago methodically plans his actions. However, the fact Iago is so bitter could also have hardened him over the years. He seems to be jealous of anyone who is valued favourably, and resentful to anyone who values someone else more highly than himself. In this way I am of the opinion that the play is very much about Iagos innate jealousy transforming him into a bitter man who derives his only pleasure in life from seeing people who could be happy turn miserable. Iagos tragedy is perhaps that he can never be happy himself and so spends his life making others miserable with motiveless-malignity. However, in the book Seven, a serial killer says I took it away because I envy your normal life detective, so it seems that envy is my sin having killed his victims he admits he wishes he could be normal. Jealousy and envy are closely interlinked, so if a serial killer who kills helpless victims even prefers to die because of his jealousy of normal happy people, then the fact Iago shows no remorse perhaps wagers that Iago did not primarily act out of his jealousy but lust for causing pain. Othello is very much in love with Desdemona at the start of the play, he feels his soul bound to hers and has complete faith and trust in her. His soft language is almost like poetry and reveals his gentle nature. Oh my souls joy! If I were now to die, Twere now to be most happy; for I fear My soul hath her content so absolute That not another comfort like to this Succeeds in unknown fate Othello is an old black man and Desdemona is a beautiful young Venetian girl, in Shakesperian times this would have been considered a very unconventional marriage and people would have looked down on it, at the time, black people were only associated in England with Slaves. The play, however, shows that true love in any circumstance can over power social integrity. In the beginning of the play, their relationship is very solid despite the troubles that they had to go through to be accepted, however Iago poisons Othellos mind into becoming a jealous monster. Desdemona originally speaks of Othello as if he is beyond jealousy My noble Moor Is true of mind, and made of no such baseness As jealous creature are. Desdemona Act III, scene IV. Therefore, when Othello is finally corrupted by Iagos slowly dripping trickle of evil lies and ideas, it is a shock to Desdemona to see her husband so callous. The play is about how Othello changes from one man into a completely different one, and the cause of this is jealousy. Thus I can say that the play is about Othellos imposed jealousy. As Othello spends more and more time with Iago, he becomes almost in Iagos possession. At the beginning of the play, Othello has a musicality in his words, and speaks with such beauty and power. Amen to that, sweet powers! I cannot speak enough of this content It stops me here; it is too much of joy. His references are to God and Christianity, and he talks of sweetness, joy and contentment. Later, however, the imagery he uses in his speeches changes completely. Shakespeare uses imagery in language to portray the personalities of characters, and thus, a change in Othellos speeches indicates a change in personality. Damn her Lewd Minx. O damn her, damn her! Come, go with me apart, I will withdraw To furnish me with some swift means of death For the fair devil. Now art thou my lieutenant Act III, scene IV. The imagery he uses here is that of darkness and hell. These are similar to Iagos imagery repetition of hell. Shakespeare makes a connection between Iagos hellish imagery and Iagos possessing of Othello. Witchcraft in Shakespeares time had more social stigma attached to it than in 2002 Britain, therefore, Shakespeare was making strong linkages between Iago and evil, stronger than how we would interpret it today. The almost hellish possession of Othello by Iago leads to the end result, and thus the imposed jealousy of Othello by Iago is a main part of what the play is about. Psychologist Emma Goldman states on jealousy: Jealousy, the contortions of which we see in the matrimonial tragedies and comedies, is invariably a one-sided, bigoted accuser, convinced of his own righteousness and the meanness, cruelty and guilt of the victim. Jealousy does not attempt to understand. Its one desire is to punishas severely as possiblehonour is restored as soon as blood is shed, either that of the man or the woman. From the archives of the New York public library. This description is essentially what Othello goes through and basically summarises the play. Othellos imposed jealousy is different to Iagos innate jealousy because while Iago appears to be jealous of people who merely have the capacity within them to be happy, Othello appears jealous of Cassio and suspicious of Desedemona because he genuinely thinks they do him wrong. This can lead to the interpretation that Othello was never indeed jealous. Coleridge believed that Othello was indeed not jealous. Let me repeat, that Othello does not kill Desdemona in jealousy, but in a conviction forced upon him by the almost superhuman art of Iago, such a conviction as any man would have entertained who had believed Iagos honesty as Othello had Notes on Othello, Coleridge Coleridge is saying here that Othello was not jealous of Cassio, or unnecessarily suspicious of Desdemona, but in fact just severely hurt. Iago is repeatedly referred to as honest throughout the play, and even his own wife Emilia did not suspect him of such evil acts. Therefore, because Othello is such a believing and trusting person, he had no element within himself that questioned the honest Iago, with whom he was on first name friendly terms with. Othello was not jealous when he killed Desdemona, but in fact felt it was the only way in which he could regain his respect. In Shakespearian times, the man whose wife was unfaithful would be labelled a cuckold. It was a huge public disgrace to the man as well as an emotional strain, and Othello, being proud, did not take this well, thus he killed the woman he loved not out of jealousy, but out of solemn agony. Without Desdemona, and with the knowledge that someone he loved so deeply had betrayed him, Othello felt in despair. Look where he comes. Not poppy, nor mandragora, Nor all the drowsy syrups of the world, Shall ever medicine thee to sweet sleep Which thou owedst yesterday Iago of Othello Act III scene III, line 329. In this way we can see that Othello is not just a play about jealousy, but it is also a play about trust and deception. Othello should have believed Desdemona but the seemingly honest Iago used everyones good traits against them, and caused the bloody mess single handedly. To conclude, Othello is perhaps a play about the innate jealousy of Iago, however, I am left unsure about the precise motives Iago has. I tend to agree with Coleridge, that Iago is motivated simple by the direst cruelty, although there is substantial evidence, such as his behaviour towards people who seem happier than himself, that Iago suffers from innate jealousy aswell. The play to me, seems to be more about mistrust, and the tragedy that Othello believes Iago over his wife. The fact Othello is so quick to doubt both his love and his best friend also suggests that Othello has a weakness in character judgement and solidarity of emotion. However, Iago was a very intelligent manipulator, and had luck on his side, to create a catharsis of emotion which drives Othello to kill his beloved, and how Iago manages to do this, is essentially what the play is about. It leaves the open question for me, that did even Shakespeare not know exactly what drove Iago, did the writer have doubts, or was he just unable to convey such a complex character within the confines of a play. 1 It is a psychological theory that if someone/something you love is unreachable, your mind will automatically begin to devalue them to ease the pain of not having that person/thing. It is easier to accept a whore does not love you than to accept a genuine pure girl does not love you.