The Early Years Of Apple Inc. :: Technology History

apple was founded on April 1, 1976 by Steve Jobs, Steve Wozniak, and Ronald Wayne10 (and later incorporated January 3, 19773 without Wayne, who sold his share of the company back to Jobs and Wozniak) to sell the Apple I personal estimator kit. They were hand-built by Steve Wozniak1112 in the living room of Jobs parents home, and the Apple I was first shown to the public at the Homebrew Computer Club.13 Eventually 200 computers were built. The Apple I was sold as a motherboard (with CPU, RAM, and basic textual-video chips) not what is today considered a complete personal computer.14 The user was required to provide two different AC input voltages (the manual recommended specific transformers), wire an ASCII keyboard (not provided with the computer) to a DIP connector (providing logic inverter and alpha lock chips in some cases), and to wire the video takings pins to a monitor or to an RF modulator if a TV set was used.Jobs approached a local computer store, The Byte Shop, which or dered fifty units and paid US$ergocalciferol for each unit after much persuasion. He then ordered components from Cramer Electronics, a national electronic parts distributor. Using a variety of methods, including acquire space from friends and family and selling various items including a Volkswagen Type 2 bus, Jobs managed to secure the parts needed while Wozniak and Ronald Wayne assembled the Apple I.15The Apple II was introduced on April 16, 1977 at the first West Coast Computer Faire. It differed from its major rivals, the TRS-80 and Commodore PET, because it came with color graphics and an open architecture. While early models used ordinary cassette tapes as storage devices, this was quickly superseded by the introduction of a 5 1/4 inch floppy disk drive and interface, the Disk II.Another key to business for Apple was software. The Apple II was chosen by programmers Dan Bricklin and Bob Frankston to be the desktop platform for the first killer app of the business worldthe Vis iCalc spreadsheet program.16 VisiCalc created a business foodstuff for the Apple II, and the corporate market attracted many more software and hardware developers to the machine, as well as giving home users an additional reason to misdirect onecompatibility with the office.16 (See the timeline for dates of Apple II family model releasesthe 1977 Apple II and its younger siblings the II+, IIe, IIc, and IIGS.)According to Brian Bagnalls book, On the Edge (pg.